ANCA

Api Nampa Conservation Area

ARIES

Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services

CBD

Convention on Biological Diversity

CIA

Central Intelligence Agency

CITES

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

CNY

Chinese yuan renminbi

DRSP

District Roads Support Programme

GBPIHE

G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development

GDP

gross domestic product

GIS

geographic information system

GIZ

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit; German Society for International Cooperation

GLOF

glacial lake outburst flood

ICIMOD

International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development

ISO

International Organization for Standardization

IUCN

International Union for Conservation of Nature

KCA

Kanchenjunga Conservation Area

KSL

Kailash Sacred Landscape

KSLCDI

Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation and Development Initiative

KSLIS

Kailash Sacred Landscape Information System

LMU

Ludwig Maximilians University Munich

LSY

Landscape Yatra

MEA

Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

NPR

Nepalese rupee

PLA

People’s Liberation Army

PRC

People’s Republic of China

SDC

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation

TAAAS

Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences

TAR

Tibet Autonomous Region

TCM

traditional Chinese medicine

TCV

Tibetan Children’s Village

UNESCO

United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

VDC

Village Development Committee

WFP

World Food Programme