ἄποικος

Ancient Greek

FWOTD – 14 November 2023

Etymology

From ἀπο- (apo-, “away from”) +‎ οἶκος (oîkos, “home”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.poi̯.kos/ → /ˈa.py.kos/ → /ˈa.pi.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.poi̯.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.py.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.py.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.py.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.pi.kos/

Adjective

ᾰ̓́ποικος • (ắpoikos) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓́ποικον); second declension (rare)

1. away from home, abroad (sometimes followed by genitive)
   • 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1518

Declension

Second declension of ᾰ̓́ποικος; ᾰ̓́ποικον (Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ᾰ̓́ποικος ắpoikos	ᾰ̓́ποικον ắpoikon		ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō	ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō		ᾰ̓́ποικοι ắpoikoi	ᾰ̓́ποικᾰ ắpoikă
Genitive		ᾰ̓ποίκου ăpoíkou	ᾰ̓ποίκου ăpoíkou		ᾰ̓ποίκοιν ăpoíkoin	ᾰ̓ποίκοιν ăpoíkoin		ᾰ̓ποίκων ăpoíkōn	ᾰ̓ποίκων ăpoíkōn
Dative		ᾰ̓ποίκῳ ăpoíkōi	ᾰ̓ποίκῳ ăpoíkōi		ᾰ̓ποίκοιν ăpoíkoin	ᾰ̓ποίκοιν ăpoíkoin		ᾰ̓ποίκοις ăpoíkois	ᾰ̓ποίκοις ăpoíkois
Accusative		ᾰ̓́ποικον ắpoikon	ᾰ̓́ποικον ắpoikon		ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō	ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō		ᾰ̓ποίκους ăpoíkous	ᾰ̓́ποικᾰ ắpoikă
Vocative		ᾰ̓́ποικε ắpoike	ᾰ̓́ποικον ắpoikon		ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō	ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō		ᾰ̓́ποικοι ắpoikoi	ᾰ̓́ποικᾰ ắpoikă
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ᾰ̓ποίκως ăpoíkōs			ᾰ̓ποικότερος ăpoikóteros			ᾰ̓ποικότᾰτος ăpoikótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Noun

ᾰ̓́ποικος • (ắpoikos) m (genitive ᾰ̓ποίκου); second declension (Attic, Ionic)

1. settler, colonist
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.97:

     [Ἀρισταγόρης ἔλεγε] τάδε, ὡς οἱ Μιλήσιοι τῶν Ἀθηναίων εἰσὶ ἄποικοι

     [Aristagórēs élege] táde, hōs hoi Milḗsioi tôn Athēnaíōn eisì ápoikoi

     [Aristagoras said] the following, that the Milesians were colonists from the Athenians

   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.25:

     ὅτι αὐτῶν παρημέλουν [οἱ Κερκυραῖοι] ὄντες ἄποικοι

     hóti autôn parēméloun [hoi Kerkuraîoi] óntes ápoikoi

     because [the Corcyreans], though they were [their] colonists, disregarded them [= the Corinthians]

   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.38:

     ἄποικοι δ’ ὄντες ἀφεστᾶσί τε διὰ παντὸς καὶ νῦν πολεμοῦσι

     ápoikoi d’ óntes aphestâsí te dià pantòs kaì nûn polemoûsi

     the colonists [= the Corcyreans] have always been aloof and now are hostile

   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.57.2:

     καὶ ἔτι Ἑστιαιῆς οἱ ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ Ἑστίαιαν οἰκοῦντες ἄποικοι ὄντες ξυνεστράτευσαν.

     kaì éti Hestiaiês hoi en Euboíāi Hestíaian oikoûntes ápoikoi óntes xunestráteusan.

     and further the Hestiaeans who inhabited Hestiaea in Eubeoa, being their colonists, fought with them

2. colony
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.3.2:

     καὶ ἀφικνοῦνται πορευόμενοι εἰς Κερασοῦντα τριταῖοι πόλιν Ἑλληνίδα ἐπὶ θαλάττῃ Σινωπέων ἄποικον ἐν τῇ Κολχίδι χώρᾳ.

     kaì aphiknoûntai poreuómenoi eis Kerasoûnta tritaîoi pólin Hellēnída epì thaláttēi Sinōpéōn ápoikon en têi Kolkhídi khṓrāi.

     and they travelled and on the third day arrived in Kerasun [= Giresun], a Greek town on the sea, a colony of the Sinopeans, in the Colchian country.

   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 6.2.1:

     ἀφίκοντο εἰς Ἡράκλειαν πόλιν Ἑλληνίδα Μεγαρέων ἄποικον

     aphíkonto eis Hērákleian pólin Hellēnída Megaréōn ápoikon

     they arrived in Heraclea, a Greek city, a colony of the Megarians

Declension

Second declension of ὁ ᾰ̓́ποικος; τοῦ ᾰ̓ποίκου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ᾰ̓́ποικος ho ắpoikos	τὼ ᾰ̓ποίκω tṑ ăpoíkō	οἱ ᾰ̓́ποικοι hoi ắpoikoi
Genitive	τοῦ ᾰ̓ποίκου toû ăpoíkou	τοῖν ᾰ̓ποίκοιν toîn ăpoíkoin	τῶν ᾰ̓ποίκων tôn ăpoíkōn
Dative	τῷ ᾰ̓ποίκῳ tôi ăpoíkōi	τοῖν ᾰ̓ποίκοιν toîn ăpoíkoin	τοῖς ᾰ̓ποίκοις toîs ăpoíkois
Accusative	τὸν ᾰ̓́ποικον tòn ắpoikon	τὼ ᾰ̓ποίκω tṑ ăpoíkō	τοὺς ᾰ̓ποίκους toùs ăpoíkous
Vocative	ᾰ̓́ποικε ắpoike	ᾰ̓ποίκω ăpoíkō	ᾰ̓́ποικοι ắpoikoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “ἄποικος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press