κυπάρισσος

See also: Κυπάρισσος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• κῠπᾰ́ρῐττος (kŭpắrĭttos) — Attic

Etymology

Of loanword origin, probably from a Mediterranean Pre-Greek language; compare Hebrew כֹּפֶר / כּוֺפֶר (kōp̱er, “pitch, tar; henna”), Aramaic כּוּפְרָא / ܟܘܦܪܐ (kūp̄rā, “pitch, tar; henna”), Ugaritic 𐎋𐎔𐎗 (kpr, “henna”), Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀞𐀫 (ku-pa-ro, debatable plant), Coptic ⲕⲟⲩⲡⲣ (koupr, “henna”), Demotic qwpr (“henna”), Egyptian qwpr (a given name), Dongolawi kofrē (“henna”), all ultimately from Akkadian 𒇒𒌓𒀀 (kupru, “bitumen, pitch”) from Akkadian 𒅗𒉺𒊒 (kapāru, “to smear, to daub on”). "Gopher" was the name of the tree whose wood was used to make the ark (Genesis 6:14).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ky.pá.ris.sos/ → /cyˈpa.ris.sos/ → /ciˈpa.ri.sos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ky.pá.ris.sos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kyˈpa.ris.sos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cyˈpa.ris.sos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /cyˈpa.ris.sos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ciˈpa.ri.sos/

Noun

κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος • (kŭpắrĭssos) f (genitive κῠπᾰρῐ́σσου); second declension

1. cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
2. its wood, used as timber

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος; τοῦ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος ho kŭpắrĭssos	τὼ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσω tṑ kŭpărĭ́ssō	οἱ κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσοι hoi kŭpắrĭssoi
Genitive	τοῦ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσου toû kŭpărĭ́ssou	τοῖν κῠπᾰρῐ́σσοιν toîn kŭpărĭ́ssoin	τῶν κῠπᾰρῐ́σσων tôn kŭpărĭ́ssōn
Dative	τῷ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσῳ tôi kŭpărĭ́ssōi	τοῖν κῠπᾰρῐ́σσοιν toîn kŭpărĭ́ssoin	τοῖς κῠπᾰρῐ́σσοις toîs kŭpărĭ́ssois
Accusative	τὸν κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσον tòn kŭpắrĭsson	τὼ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσω tṑ kŭpărĭ́ssō	τοὺς κῠπᾰρῐ́σσους toùs kŭpărĭ́ssous
Vocative	κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσε kŭpắrĭsse	κῠπᾰρῐ́σσω kŭpărĭ́ssō	κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσοι kŭpắrĭssoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κυπαρισσίας (kuparissías)
• κυπαρίσσινος (kuparíssinos)
• κυπαρίσσιον (kuparíssion)
• κυπαρίσσιος (kuparíssios)
• κυπαρισσόκομος (kuparissókomos)
• κυπαρισσόροφος (kuparissórophos)
• κυπαρισσών (kuparissṓn)
• χαμαικυπάρισσος (khamaikupárissos)

Descendants

• Greek: κυπαρίσσι (kyparíssi)
  • → Romanian: chiparos
• → Latin: cupressus, cypressus (Late Latin), cyparissus (only in Virgil)
  • → Aragonese: cupreso (Sarrablés)
  • Catalan: ciprés, ciprer, xiprer
  • → English: cypress
  • → French: cyprès
  • → Italian: cipresso
  • → Norman: cyprès (Jersey)
  • Piedmontese: sipress
  • Portuguese: cipreste
  • → Spanish: ciprés
• → Old Armenian: կիպարիս (kiparis)
• → Old Georgian: კჳპაროსი (ḳwiṗarosi), კჳპაროზი (ḳwiṗarozi)
  • Georgian: კვიპაროსი (ḳviṗarosi)
• → Russian: кипари́с (kiparís)

References

• “κυπάρισσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κυπάρισσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κυπάρισσος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κυπάρισσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κυπάρισσος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “κυπάρισσος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • cypress idem, page 193.