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PalDat - Palynological Database

an online publication on recent pollen

Urtica dioica

Taxonomy: Angiospermae, Rosales, Urticaceae, Urtica

Links: http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/Seiten-Arten/Urtica-dioica.htm

Published: 2021-06-21

Pollen Description

Shape, Size and Aperture

pollen unit: monad,  dispersal unit and peculiarities: monad,  size (pollen unit): small (10-25 µm),  size of hydrated pollen (LM): 16-20 µm,  shortest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): 16-20 µm,  longest polar axis in equatorial view (LM): -,  shortest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): 11-15 µm,  longest diameter in equatorial or polar view (LM): 16-20 µm,  pollen class: porate,  polarity: isopolar,  P/E-ratio: oblate,  shape: spheroidal,  outline in polar view: circular,  dominant orientation (LM): oblique,  P/E-ratio (dry pollen): -,  shape (dry pollen): irregular,  outline in polar view (dry pollen): irregular,  infoldings (dry pollen): irregularly infolded,  aperture number: 3,  aperture type: porus,  aperture condition: triporate, porate,  aperture peculiarities: operculum, annulus, oncus

Ornamentation and Structure

LM  ornamentation LM: psilate,  nexine: -,  sexine: -,  SEM  ornamentation SEM: microechinate, microverrucate,  suprasculpture SEM: -,  TEM  tectum: eutectate,  infratectum: columellate,  foot layer: absent,  endexine: compact-continuous,  intine: monolayered,  wall peculiarities: -,  supratectal element: -

Miscellaneous

pollen coatings: absent,  reserves in cytoplasm: starch,  cell number: 2-celled,  Ubisch bodies: present

Annotations: endexine very thin

Author(s) of diagnosis: Halbritter, Halbritter; Schneider, Heinz; Diethart, Bernadette; Heigl, Helmut; Auer, Waltraud

Pictures

habitus

1. habitus

flower(s)

2. flower(s)

male flowers

3. male flowers

pollen grain with generative cell

4. pollen grain with generative cell

polar view (proximal)

5. polar view (proximal)

optical section

6. optical section

polar view (distal)

7. polar view (distal)

hydrated Pollen

8. hydrated Pollen

hydrated Pollen

9. hydrated Pollen

hydrated Pollen

10. hydrated Pollen

polar view

11. polar view

equatorial view

12. equatorial view

aperture

13. aperture

exine surface

14. exine surface

dry pollen grains

15. dry pollen grains

anther wall with Ubisch bodies

16. anther wall with Ubisch bodies

pollen grain in cross section

17. pollen grain in cross section

interapertural area of pollen wall

18. interapertural area of pollen wall

interapertural area of pollen wall

19. interapertural area of pollen wall

interapertural area of pollen wall

20. interapertural area of pollen wall

interapertural area of pollen wall

21. interapertural area of pollen wall

apertural area of pollen wall

22. apertural area of pollen wall

Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

23. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall

vegetative nucleus

24. vegetative nucleus

generative cell

25. generative cell

Picture legend

  1. habitus, photographer: Diethart, B.
  2. flower(s), photographer: Halbritter, H.
  3. male flowers, photographer: Schneider, H.
  4. pollen grain with generative cell - fresh, unfixed, aceto-carmine, photographer: Diethart, B.
  5. polar view (proximal) - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
  6. optical section - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
  7. polar view (distal) - fresh, acetolyzed, unstained, photographer: Diethart, B.
  8. hydrated Pollen - fresh, glycerine, unstained, photographer: Heigl, H.
  9. hydrated Pollen - fresh, glycerine, ruthenium red, photographer: Heigl, H.
  10. hydrated Pollen - fresh, glycerine, ruthenium red, photographer: Heigl, H.
  11. polar view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
  12. equatorial view - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
  13. aperture - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
  14. exine surface - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
  15. dry pollen grains - dry, sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
  16. anther wall with Ubisch bodies - fresh, rehydrated (water) & critical point dried & sputter coated with gold, photographer: Diethart, B.
  17. pollen grain in cross section - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  18. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  19. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Diethart, B.
  20. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, uranyl acetate & lead citrate, photographer: Diethart, B.
  21. interapertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, potassium permanganate, photographer: Diethart, B.
  22. apertural area of pollen wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, lipid-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  23. Ubisch bodies on inner anther wall - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  24. vegetative nucleus - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.
  25. generative cell - fresh, glutaraldehyde & osmium & potassium ferrocyanide, modified Thiéry-test, photographer: Diethart, B.

Literature

  • Accorsi CA, Lobietti A (1986) Flora palinologica italiana, Sezione Aeropalinologica - S 198: Urtica membranacea Poiret. Aerobiologia 2: 29-34
  • Bassett IJ, Crompton CW, Woodland DW (1974) The family Urticaceae in Canada. Can J Bot 52: 503-516, 1 pl
  • Chang KT (1982) Altingiaceae, Clethraceae, Coriariaceae, Geraniaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Lobeliaceae, Meliaceae, Oleaceae, Passifloraceae, Pittosporaceae, Urticaceae, Alismataceae, Commelinaceae, Orchidaceae. In: Angiosperm flora of tropic and subtropic China. Inst Bot South China : 20-21, 96-97, 110-111, 156-157, 172-179, 187-188, 208-213, 251-256, 290-291, 297-299, 383-390, 401-402, 405-408, 412-418
  • Hamilton AC (1976) Identification of East african Urticales pollen. Pollen et Spores XVIII: 27-66
  • Rehman K, Sharma M (1965) Pollen morphological studies in Indian Urticales. Bot Not 118: 177-186
  • Sawyer R (1981) Pollen identification for bee keepers. Univ College Cardiff Press : 111 pp
  • Soraru SB (1972) Revision de las Urticaceae argentinas. Darwiniana 17: 246-325
  • Sorsa P, Huttunen P (1975) On the pollen morphology of the Urticaceae. Ann Bot Fenn 12: 165-182
  • Tarnavschi IT, Serbanescu-Jitariu G, Mitroiu N, Radulescu D (1967) Zur Pollenmorphologie der Urticales aus der Flora Rumäniens. Rev Roum Biol, Bot 12: 251-262
  • Adler W, Oswald K, Fischer R. (1994) Exkursionsflora von Österreich : 1180
  • Halbritter, H (1998) Preparing living pollen material for scanning electron microscopy using 2,2-dimethoxypropane (DMP) and criticalpoint drying. Biotechnic Histochem 73: 137–143

Copyright and Citation

Cite this publication as:

Halbritter H., Schneider H., Diethart B., Heigl H., Auer W. 2021. Urtica dioica. In: PalDat - A palynological database. https://www.paldat.org/pub/Urtica_dioica/306202;jsessionid=D4A9E4AA993A706A4BB8B02673F5F94D; accessed 2025-03-27

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