维基百科

美國舊西部

美國西部拓荒时代（英語：American frontier）、美国旧西部（英語：American Old West）或狂野西部（英語：Wild West）是指美國領土擴張時期，美國西部的歷史、地理、居民、文化等多元內涵的呈現。這段時間從17世纪初的英國美洲殖民地時期到1912年建立最後一個美國本土的州亚利桑那州為止[1][2]。

美國舊西部
A black and white photograph of a cowboy posing on a horse with a lasso and rifle visible attached to the saddle
約1887年的一個美國西部牛仔
日期
  • 1607–1912 (领土扩张)
  • 1865–1890 (Archetypal Old West Period)
地点 美国（現時）
以下按歷史時序上並吞併/併購/同化的次序排列:

美國領土地图

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  •  
    1789年時的美國領土
  •  
    1845–46年時的美國領土
  •  
    1884–89年時的美國領土
  •  
    1912年時的美國領土

参考文献

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  1. ^ Nash, Gerald D. The Census of 1890 and the Closing of the Frontier. The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 1980, 71 (3): 98–100 [2023-02-25]. JSTOR 40490574. （原始内容存档于2022-12-09）. 
  2. ^ Lang, Robert E.; Popper, Deborah E.; Popper, Frank J. "Progress of the Nation": The Settlement History of the Enduring American Frontier. Western Historical Quarterly. 1995, 26 (3): 289–307. JSTOR 970654. doi:10.2307/970654. 

延伸阅读

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国势研究

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  • Billington, Ray Allen, and Martin Ridge. Westward Expansion: A History of the American Frontier (5th ed. 2001); 892 pp; textbook with 160 –pp of detailed annotated bibliographies older edition online; also online 2001 abridged edition to borrow
  • Billington, Ray Allen. The Far Western frontier, 1830–1860 (1962), Wide-ranging scholarly survey; online free
  • Clark, Thomas D. The rampaging frontier: Manners and humors of pioneer days in the South and the Middle West (1939).
  • Deverell, William, ed. A Companion to the American West (Blackwell Companions to American History) (2004); 572 pp excerpt and text search
  • Hawgood, John A. America's Western Frontiers (1st ed. 1967); 234 pp; textbook covering pre-Columbian era through the mid-twentieth century
  • Heard, J. Norman. Handbook of the American Frontier (5 vol Scarecrow Press, 1987–98); Covers 1: The Southeastern Woodlands, 2: The Northeastern Woodlands, 3: The Great Plains, 4: The Far West and vol. 5: Chronology, Bibliography, Index. Compilation of Indian-white contacts & conflicts
  • Hine, Robert V., and John Mack Faragher. The American West: A New Interpretive History (Yale University Press, 2000). 576 pp.; textbook
  • Josephy, Alvin. The American heritage book of the pioneer spirit (1965)
  • Lamar, Howard, ed. The New Encyclopedia of the American West (1998); this is a revised version of Reader's Encyclopedia of the American West ed. by Howard Lamar (1977)
  • Michno, F. Gregory. Encyclopedia of Indian wars: Western battles and skirmishes 1850–1890. Missoula: Mountain Press Publishing Company. 2009. ISBN 978-0878424689. 
  • Milner, Clyde, Carol O'Connor, and Martha Sandweiss, eds. The Oxford History of the American West (1994) long essays by scholars; online free
  • Paxson, Frederic Logan. History of the American frontier, 1763–1893 (1924), an old survey by leading authority; Pulitzer Prize
  • Paxson, Frederic Logan. The Last American Frontier (1910) online free
  • Snodgrass, Mary Ellen, ed. Settlers of the American West: The Lives of 231 Notable Pioneers, (2015) McFarland & Company, ISBN 978-0786497355
  • Utley, Robert M. The Story of The West (2003)
  • White, Richard. "It's Your Misfortune and None of My Own": A New History of the American West (1991), textbook focused on the post-1890 far west

土地政策

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历史学论

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图片集合

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  • Brégent-Heald Dominique. "Primitive Encounters: Film and Tourism in the North American West", Western Historical Quarterly (2007) 38#1 (Spring, 2007), pp. 47–67 in JSTOR （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
  • Etulain, Richard W. Re-imagining the Modern American West: A Century of Fiction, History, and Art (1996)
  • Hausladen, Gary J. Western Places, American Myths: How We Think About The West. U. of Nevada Press. 2006. ISBN 978-0874176629. 
  • Hyde, Anne Farrar. An American Vision: Far Western Landscape and National Culture, 1820–1920 (New York University Press, 1993)
  • Mitchell, Lee Clark. Westerns: Making the Man in Fiction and Film. U. of Chicago Press. 1998. ISBN 978-0226532356. 
  • Prown, Jules David, Nancy K. Anderson, and William Cronon, eds. Discovered Lands, Invented Pasts: Transforming Visions of the American West (1994)
  • Rothman, Hal K. Devil's Bargains: Tourism and the Twentieth-Century American West (University of Kansas Press, 1998)
  • Slotkin, Richard. The Fatal Environment: The Myth of the Frontier in the Age of Industrialization, 1800–1890. University of Oklahoma Press. 1998. 
  • Slotkin, Richard. Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America. University of Oklahoma Press. 1960. 
  • Smith, Henry Nash. Virgin Land: The American West as Symbol and Myth . Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1950. 
  • Tompkins, Jane. West of Everything: The Inner Life of Westerns . Oxford University Press. 1993. ISBN 978-0195073058. 
  • Wrobel, David M. Global West, American Frontier: Travel, Empire, and Exceptionalism from Manifest Destiny to the Great Depression (University of New Mexico Press, 2013) 312 pp.; evaluates European and American travelers' accounts

一手资料

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学术文章

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参见

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