紐時賞析／烏克蘭銀行員的俄國牢獄之路

Held by Russia, Ukrainian Feels ‘Crushing’ Fear

烏克蘭銀行員的俄國牢獄之路

Russia says Artem Murdid is a killer who followed orders from Ukrainian intelligence to plant bombs in his Ukrainian city, Melitopol, after Russian troops captured it.

俄國指控穆狄德是殺人犯，稱他在俄軍攻占烏克蘭城市梅利托波爾後，接受烏克蘭情報部門指示，在當地安裝炸彈。

Murdid says he did nothing wrong. He also says that after he was arrested in March 2023, pro-Russian guards repeatedly beat him, shocked him with electric charges and forced him to watch his mother be subjected to the same.

穆狄德表示自己沒有做錯任何事。他還說，親俄的獄警2023年3月逮捕他後，曾多次毆打他、對他施以電擊，還逼他看著母親遭受同樣的虐待。

In a letter detailing what he says happened, Murdid, 32, wrote that the guards also threatened to throw his mother and girlfriend into a trench “where they’ll be raped, while you watch all of this.” He said the guards then threatened to shoot him and leave him along a road for dogs to eat. Russian authorities did not respond to a request for comment on Murdid’s claims.

32歲的穆狄德在一封詳述遭遇的信中寫道，獄警還威脅要把他的母親和女友丟進壕溝，「讓她們在那裡遭到強暴，而你得看著這一切」。他說，獄警接著威脅要槍殺他，再把他的屍體丟在路邊，讓野狗啃食。俄羅斯當局沒有回應媒體對穆狄德指控的置評要求。

Eventually, he wrote, he signed confession papers that were put in front of him, without reading them. So did his mother, Hanna Murdid, 52, and his girlfriend, Hanna Voshkoder, 29. He was given a life sentence, his mother 22 years in prison and his girlfriend 20 years. They were all accused of being part of a terrorist cell.

穆狄德寫道，最後他在沒有閱讀內容的情況下，簽下獄警放在他面前的認罪文件。他的52歲母親漢娜和29歲女友沃許柯德也簽了同樣的文件。法院判處穆狄德無期徒刑，判他的母親22年徒刑、女友20年徒刑。三人都被控參與恐怖組織。

“A lot of people break. I know quite a few people who have been through Russian prisons in recent years,” said Yaroslav Bevza, a close friend of the Murdid family who fled Melitopol after the Russians invaded Ukraine in February 2022. “People would confess to killing Kennedy.”

穆狄德一家的密友貝夫薩說：「很多人都會崩潰。我認識不少人近年曾被關進俄國監獄。」俄軍在2022年2月入侵烏克蘭後，貝夫薩逃離梅利托波爾。他說：「在那種地方，就算有人要你承認殺了甘迺迪，你也可能會照做。」

The sentences given to Murdid, his mother and his girlfriend are on the extreme end of what human rights experts and Ukrainian government officials describe as a black hole for Ukrainian civilians in Russian custody, which they say number in the thousands.

人權專家與烏克蘭政府官員表示，遭俄羅斯拘押的烏克蘭平民多達數千人，宛如掉進一個不見天日的黑洞；穆狄德、他的母親與女友所受的刑期，正是其中最為極端的案例。

A legal appeal by the three Ukrainians is scheduled to be heard Monday by a court in Moscow that has repeatedly rubber-stamped convictions for other Ukrainians convicted of war-related crimes. While the three were vocally pro-Ukrainian while living under occupation, they say they had nothing to do with any bombings.

莫斯科法院預定周一審理3人的上訴。這間法院對烏克蘭人涉及戰爭罪的定罪判決，過去多次均照單全收。3人在俄軍占領期間都公開支持烏克蘭，但他們表示，自己與任何爆炸案都沒有關係。

Unlike with prisoners of war, no official mechanism exists to return Ukrainian civilians arrested by Russia. The fate of these Ukrainians, whom Ukraine describes as “civilian hostages,” is likely to be one of the thorniest issues to resolve in any talks to end the war.

與戰俘不同，目前沒有正式機制能夠讓遭到俄羅斯逮捕的烏克蘭平民回國。烏克蘭稱這些人是「平民人質」，而他們的命運很可能成為任何結束戰爭談判中最棘手的問題之一。

文／Kim Barker, Valerie Hopkins and Oleksandra Mykolyshyn，譯／國際中心