Table 1.
Cleavage products of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and their suggested physiological roles
| Peptide | Cleavage process | Known function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| sAPPα | α-secretase cleavage of APP | Neuroprotective? Involved in blood clotting? | Smith et al. 1990 |
| Up-regulates BKCa activity | Furukawa et al. 1996 | ||
| C83 | α-secretase cleavage of APP | None known, but may be associated with neurodegeneration | Rockenstein et al. 2005 |
| p3 | γ-secretase cleavage of C83 | None known? | Pardossi-Piquard et al. 2005 |
| AICD/CFTγ | γ-secretase cleavage of C83 | Transcriptional regulation (e.g. of neprylisin) | Leissring et al. 2002 |
| sAPPβ | β-secretase cleavage of APP | Neuroprotective? | |
| C99 | β-secretase cleavage of APP | Altered acetylcholinesterase activity and behavioural influences | Dumont et al. 2005 |
| Aβ | γ-secretase cleavage of | Depress synaptic activity | Kamenetz et al. 2003 |
| β-secretase cleaved of APP | Regulation of Kv expression | Ramsden et al. 2001; Plant et al. 2005 | |
| Regulation of Cav | Ramsden et al. 2002 |