| Chinese Text Project |
| 戰 U+6230 |  Seal script |  Jinwen | 战 Simplified character | 戦 Alternate form |
| Radical: | 戈+ 12 strokes = 16 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.409#12 Kangxi: p.414#11 Cihai: p.553r5c01 GSR: 147.r Hanyu: v2,p1412#12 |
| Composition: | Left: 單, right: 戈. Component of: 𡃹 𡓥 𢥇 𬉢 𭌓 𧂁 𭬪 𥗜 𧟀 |
| Mandarin: | zhàn ㄓㄢˋ |
| Cantonese: | zin3 |
| Tang reconstruction: | *jiɛ̀n |
| Shuowen: | 《戈部》戰：鬬也。从戈單聲。 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·去聲·線·戰》戰：懼也，恐也，又姓。之膳切，二。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·戈部·十二》戰：古文𣥭《廣韻》《集韻》《韻會》《正韻》𠀤之膳切，旃去聲。《說文》𨷵也。《左傳·莊十一年》皆𨻰曰戰。又懼也。《書·仲虺之誥》小大戰戰。又姓。漢戰兢，明戰愼。 |
| Fanqie: | 之膳 (《廣韻·去聲·線·戰》) |
| Unihan definition: | war, fighting, battle |
Example usage
| 《論語·八佾》: | 宰我對曰：「夏后氏以松，殷人以柏，周人以栗，曰使民戰栗。」 |
| Zai Wo replied, "The Xia sovereign planted the pine tree about them; the men of the Yin planted the cypress; and the men of the Zhou planted the chestnut tree, meaning thereby to cause the people to be in awe." | |
| 《孟子·盡心下》: | 梁惠王以土地之故，糜爛其民而戰之，大敗，將復之，恐不能勝，故驅其所愛子弟以殉之，是之謂以其所不愛及其所愛也。 |
| 'The king Hui of Liang, for the matter of territory, tore and destroyed his people, leading them to battle. Sustaining a great defeat, he would engage again, and afraid lest they should not be able to secure the victory, urged his son whom he loved till he sacrificed him with them. This is what I call "beginning with what they do not care for, and proceeding to what they care for."' | |
| 《禮記·檀弓上》: | 魯莊公及宋人戰于乘丘。 |
| Duke Zhuang of Lu fought a battle with the men of Song at Sheng-qiu. | |
| 《孝經·諸侯》: | 《詩》云：「戰戰兢兢，如臨深淵，如履薄冰。」 |
| It is said in the Book of Poetry: Be apprehensive, be cautious, As if on the brink of a deep abyss, As if treading on thin ice. | |
| 《揚子法言》: | 曰：「羊質而虎皮，見草而說，見豺而戰，忘其皮之虎矣。」 |
| Yangzi said: One who has a sheep's zhi and a tiger's skin sees grass and is happy, sees a jackal and shivers. He forgets he is wearing a tiger's skin. | |
| 《莊子·逍遙遊》: | 冬，與越人水戰，大敗越人，裂地而封之。 |
| And in the winter he had an engagement with that of Yue, on which he inflicted a great defeat, and was invested with a portion of territory taken from Yue. | |
| 《道德經》: | 殺人之衆，以哀悲泣之，戰勝以喪禮處之。 |
| He who has killed multitudes of men should weep for them with the bitterest grief; and the victor in battle has his place (rightly) according to those rites. | |
| 《商君書·農戰》: | 國之所以興者，農戰也。 |
| The means whereby a country is made prosperous are agriculture and war. | |
| 《孫子兵法·始計》: | 夫未戰而廟算勝者，得算多也。 |
| Now the general who wins a battle makes many calculations in his temple ere the battle is fought. | |
| 《史記·五帝本紀》: | 軒轅乃修德振兵，治五氣，藝五種，撫萬民，度四方，教熊羆貔貅貙虎，以與炎帝戰於阪泉之野。 |
| Who practised virtue, marshalled his men, controlled the five elements, cultivated the five kinds of grain, pacified the nations, and went over all parts of his country. Training black bears, grizzly bears, foxes, panthers, lynxes, and tigers, he, with their aid, fought with 'Flame emperor' in the desert of Banquan. | |
| 《荀子·大略》: | 以治伐亂，不待戰而後知克。 |
| 《說苑·雜言》: | 戰勝攻取，所謂無強敵也。 |
| 《春秋繁露·竹林》: | 《春秋》之常辭也，不予夷狄而予中國為禮，到之戰，偏然反之，何也？ |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷二》: | 資勇悍者，不以衛上攻戰，而反以侵陵私鬥。 |
| 《大戴禮記·保傅》: | 闔廬以吳戰勝無敵，夫差以見禽於越。 |
| 《白虎通德論·號》: | 《春秋傳》曰：「雖文王之戰不是過。」 |
| 《新書·脩政語下》: | 周武王問於王子旦曰：「敢問治有必成，而戰有必勝乎？」 |
| 《新序·善謀下》: | 今陛下起豐擊沛，收卒三千人，以之徑往卷蜀漢，定三秦，與項羽大戰七十，小戰四十，使天下民肝腦塗地，父子暴骨中野，不可勝數，哭泣之聲未絕，傷夷者未收，而欲比隆成康周公之時，臣竊以為不侔矣。 |
| 《中論·考偽》: | 昔楊朱、墨翟、申不害、韓非、田駢、公孫龍汩亂乎先王之道，譸張乎戰國之世，然非人倫之大患也。 |
| 《孔子家語·致思》: | 子貢復進曰：「賜願使齊、楚，合戰於漭瀁之野，兩壘相望，塵埃相接，挺刃交兵。」 |
| 《潛夫論·思賢》: | 自春秋之後，戰國之制，將權臣，必以親家。 |
| 《論衡·累害》: | 戰栗戒慎，不能避禍。 |
| 《太玄經·中》: | 次二，神戰于玄，其陳陰陽。 |
| 《風俗通義》: | 重遭戰國，約從連橫，好惡殊心，真偽紛爭。 |
| 《孔叢子·廣言》: | 校、戰，交也。 |
| 《申鑒·時事》: | 孝武皇帝以四夷未賓，寇賊姦宄，初置武功賞官，以寵戰士。 |
| 《素書·遵義章》: | 戰士貧游士富者喪。 |
| 《新語·至德》: | 故宋襄死於泓水之戰，三君弒於臣子之手，皆輕用師而尚威力，以至於斯，故《春秋》重而書之，嗟嘆而傷之。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·釋誨》: | 武夫奮勇，戰士講銳。 |
| 《墨子·經說下》: | 聞戰，亦不必其生。 |
| 《列子·黃帝》: | 黃帝與炎帝戰於阪泉之野，帥熊、羆、狼、豹、貙、虎為前驅，鵰、鶡、鷹、鳶為旗幟，此以力使禽獸者也。 |
| 《鶡冠子·近迭》: | 國被伸創，其發則戰，戰則是使元元之民往死，邪臣之失莿也。 |
| 《文子·符言》: | 天下雖大，好用兵者亡，國雖安，好戰者危，故「小國寡民，使有阡陌之器而勿用。」 |
| 《文始真經·三極》: | 師戰蟻，置兵。 |
| 《老子河上公章句》: | 戰勝，以喪禮處之。 |
| 《韓非子·初見秦》: | 聞戰，頓足徒裼，犯白刃，蹈鑪炭，斷死於前者皆是也。 |
| 《慎子·逸文》: | 市人可驅而戰。 |
| 《諫逐客書》: | 使秦無尺土之封，不立子弟為王，功臣為諸侯者，使後無戰攻之患。 |
| 《管子·輕重己》: | 穫渠當脅𩊆，蓑笠當𢫕櫓，故耕械具則戰械備矣。 |
| 《吳子·圖國》: | 若以備進戰退守，而不求能用者，譬猶伏雞之搏狸，乳犬之犯虎，雖有鬥心，隨之死矣。 |
| 《六韜·上賢》: | 七害者：一曰：無智略權謀，而以重賞尊爵之，故強勇輕戰，僥倖於外，王者慎勿使為將。 |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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